The Role of Strategic Human Resource Management in Small Sized Firms Research Proposal

The Role of Strategic Human Resource Management in Small Sized Firms - Research Proposal Example This project will take a quantitative approach in which statistical data will be collected and analyzed before coming up with amicable conclusions. The project is expected to take a span of two months after which the results will be presented. For the purpose of this research, 20 small firms will be surveyed and data collected from two members of the human resource department. Questionnaires and oral interviews will be used to collect data. If affirmed, this project is expected to cost approximately $5,000 which will be used to meet the expenses of the whole process. The institution will also request for an office in which will be used as the center of research for the two months that the project will last. Other materials such as the recording instruments and stationery will be obtained from the institution’s bookshop. This survey will investigate the significance of strategic HR in small business firms. If affirmed, the findings of this research will help small business organizations to reform their HR to achieve better production from their employees. In the 21st century, the ability of a business organization to engage effective strategic management is a necessary competence. Pearce and Robinson (1994) define strategic management as the process of designing, implementing and evaluating the functional structures of a business organization that are necessary to meet the organizational goals. The human resource management forms part of the top level management that is involved in the implementation of strategic management. This research seeks to investigate the role of human resource managers in small business firms. Over time, strategic management is a term that has evolved to refer to all the operations conducted by the organizational heads that contribute to the productivity of the organization. Beaver (2007) and McCarthy (2003) noted that business that the concept of strategic management has evolved to be a term relevant only to large  business organizations.  

Green Computing Research Essay Example for Free

Green Computing Research Essay The Green Computing research project is well underway and we have to select a research tool that will help with quality control. The choices are Cause and effect diagrams, control charts, Run charts, scatter diagrams, histograms, Pareto charts and flow charts. I am a huge fan of statistical analysis however; it is not one of the seven tools we have to work with. Therefore, I have chosen the Pareto Chart method to help with our quality control. A Pareto Chart will allow us to look at energy consumption over a period of time and break it down to what was the major factor leading to the increase or decrease. Therefore, we can evaluate changes made in hardware and processes and see which ones had the greatest or worst effect over that period. This will help to satisfy Ben and Ito’s concerns for the projects quality research and fulfill the company’s goal of reducing costs, increasing profit margin and at the same time becoming greener. This project should be fairly easy to map out. We will simply take a detailed analysis of the energy consumption of periods of time and then look to see what variables made different periods greater or less than others. The Pareto principle is sometimes referred to as the 80-20 rule (Schwalbe, 2011) where 80% of the problems are caused by 20% of the causes. This could also be considered inversely where 80% less energy consumption can be attributed to 20% better habits. This method can also easily be translated into a flowchart over time, allowing us to focus in on the energy consumption for processes, equipment and times of day. Once the problems or benefits are identified processes can be developed to act on them accordingly. The use of this method will help to break out the consumptions for the project team and leadership in a simple to follow diagram, that can be used in the decision making process. The Pareto tool works well when the processes can be easily categorized into benefits and detriments. Once the processes are categorized, then they can be prioritized. This is where the whole leadership team gets involved, to include the stakeholders. Then these prioritized categories can be made into a hierarchical structure with substance and value. This Pareto analysis chart is rather easy to produce in Microsoft Excel, which is a good thing because I am fairly competent with the process using MS Excel. We simply put in a table the consumption values during the determined period of study and then turn it into a chart and you have a visual of the consumption periods. We can then find the highest consumption periods and compare them to any changes or patterns differences from the lower periods. Then these values can be re-charted in another analysis chart to visually compare the major causes of energy consumption. In conclusion, the Pareto analysis will allow us to identify the major energy consumption issues or the major energy conservation savings factors and allow us to prioritize them in a hierarchical manner. Then the decision making process can begin to work to reduce the overall costs and save energy at the same time.

Developing a Potato Crop

Developing a Potato Crop Individual Research Paper on  Potatoes Darryl Wiebe Garret Sawatzky Devon Pouteau Production Seeding The ideal timing for seeding potatoes is late April until mid May. The average temperature highs are between 10 19 degrees Celsius and the average temperature lows are between -2 4 degrees Celsius. (Environment Canada) Cooler temperatures are great for avoiding early sprouting and damaging of potato seed before and after its in the ground. Seed rate should be approximately 17 CWT (1700 lbs) per acre. The seed depth should be around 5 -6 Inches below the surface of the top of your hill. The target seed spacing is 15 inches from seed to seed. An approximate average spacing between rows is 34 inches. Some conventional potato farmers will apply a fungicide, such as Titan or Emesto, during the cutting process of the seed. This will protect open cut seed from diseases. Fertilization The following is a Fertilizer program from Beaver Creek Farms located in south central Manitoba. Other farms in Manitoba may do it a variety of ways but this is a fairly common practice among Manitoba potato growers. In fall, the year prior to seeding, broadcast a potash blend of 0-0-60 at a rate of 300 lbs/ac. Work it into the soil using a coulter disc, or other implement, to avoid nutrient loss during the freeze thaw seasons. During planting a liquid blend of 10-34-0, 15-0-0-20 and 28-0-0 is applied in furrow at a rate between 8 20 U.S. gal/ac, depending on the field nutrient requirement. 28-0-0 is banded during row crop cultivation/hilling at 18 U.S. gal/ac Using a technique called Fertigation 28-0-0 is applied twice is applied twice in July at a rate of 20 U.S. gal/ac. This is done by mixing 28-0-0 with the water supply and spreading it on the crops using the irrigation pivots. All these techniques add up to a total nutrient application of 180-80-200-26. Crop Protection To protect against early disease, Quadris is applied in furrow while planting at an approximate rate of 0.2 L/ac. Just Prior to emergence, Glyphosate is broadcast at a rate of 0.7 L/ac to kill weeds to give a competitive edge to the near sprouting potatoes. One week after potato emergence Centurion is applied at 0.75 L/ac to kill grassy weeds. A week after the Centurion a mix of Prism, at 24 g/ac, and Sencor, at 150 ml/ac, is applied more weed protection. Starting at the end of July a fungicide like Dithane or Pencozeb is applied every 7 days until harvest at a rate of 0.9 kg/ac. Harvest The Optimal time for harvest is from mid to late September. The ideal size of potato, for food production, is from 4 16 oz. An approximate yield goal is around 350 CWT/ac or 35000 lbs/ac. Depending on selling contracts or storage availability some farms may haul potatoes directly to the production plant from the field. (Wiebe, 2016) Marketing End Use/Market The end market is for food. Chips, wedges, French fries, mashed or baked, there are plenty of different ways to prepare a potato. The Russet Burbank variety is the preferred potato for McCain food products as well as McDonalds french fries. Potatoes make up 52% of all fresh vegetables consumed in Canada (www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca) Price Trends Supply and Demand The average price per CWT in the last few years has stayed around $11.00. The estimated price per CWT for the next growing season is approximately $11.10. (Roy Arnott MAFRID Farm Management, 2016) The global potato production has grown steadily from 267 million metric tons in 1990 to 385.07 million metric tons in 2014. China, Russia, India, the United States and Ukraine are the largest producers of potatoes. China and India are emerging as the clear world leaders. During 2015, export sales of potatoes and potato products were 12 billion USD. The Netherlands, France, Germany, China, Egypt, U.S.A., Canada, Belgium, United Kingdom and Spain were the top ten exporting countries accounting for 77.2% of potato exports in 2015. (www.fao.org) The global trend in potato consumption is increasing, mostly in Asia and South America. However, the huge demand for potatoes comes from the United States and Belgium for processing purposes. (Statistics Canada)The increased demand for processed potato products will drive the demand for potatoes and will also affect potato prices in the future. During 2016-2021, the fastest market growth is expected to be in the Middle East, Brazil and East Asia. (Mordor Intelligence) References   Ã‚   (n.d.). Retrieved from www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca: www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/potato/ (n.d.). Retrieved from www.fao.org: www.fao.org/potato-2008/en/world/ Environment Canada. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.currentresults.com: https://www.currentresults.com/weather/canada/manitoba/temperature-may.php Mordor Intelligence. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.mordorintelligence.com: www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/potato-market Roy Arnott MAFRID Farm Management. (2016). Guidelines for Estimating Potato Production Costs. Manitoba Agriculture . Statistics Canada. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.livingin-canada.com: www.livingin-canda.com/food-prices-canada.html Wiebe, S. (2016). Potato Production. Beaver Creek Farms ltd., Macgregor.

Comparision and Contrast between the Rocking Horse Winner and the Road

Comparision and Contrast between the Rocking Horse Winner and the Road not Taken Life's stories shared through the view of two writers. Both stories have many similarities, however, contrast with just as many differences. "The Destructors", written by Graham Green, and "The Rocking Horse Winner" written by D.H. Lawrence. When contrasting these two stories, consider the plot, characters, story line, and each authors approach. Also consider the intent and mood each author sets forth. In the story " The Destructors" the setting is in a London car park called Northwood Terrace, nine years concluding World War II. The plot deals with gang of young boys from the street, whose soul purpose, is to destroy the inside of Mr. Thomas' house without him even knowing it. Mr. Thomas, once a builder and decorator, was better referred to as Old Misery by the Wormsley Gang. He was viewed as a mean old man, and the only time he was usually seen is when he is traveling to and from the market once or twice a week. In the "The Rocking Horse Winner", the plot starts off around Paul, a ...

Connecting Nazi Propaganda poster to Hitler’s rise to power

After the Great Depression in the early 1930’s, it resulted in economic and political instability for post ww1 Gremany. Adolf Hitler utilized fascism to promote his rise to power. Nazi propaganda posters were being used as â€Å"Art of Persuasion† during this time. Hitler was no fool, and used every opportunity to his advantage provied by the depression. The Propaganda posters were used as a tool to promote Hitlers beliefs. He used this as a way to sell his ideas to the people of Germany. Hitler was trying to gain the German peoples trust through emotions. The propaganda poster helped promote Hitler’s rise to power. He related to the peoples wants and needs to gain his power. Each poster related to everyone in Germany in some way. This helped secure his rise in power. If one poster did not relate to someone, another did. By utilizing the â€Å"Art of Presuation†, he gained all the power one would need to rule. Personally, it is devostaing how one person can gain that much power over that many people during a time of crisis. It makes perfect sense as to why so many people allowed Hitler so much power. He took initiative when no one else would. He took matters into his own hands. Hitler gave the people what they needed at a time of crisis. Hitler’s rise to power came at the perfect time. Germany was in turmoil, and they were in need of a hero to save them. Propaganda posters related to everyone, and Hitler made the best use out of them.

Human Trafficking in the U.S.A Essays

Human Trafficking in the U.S.A Essays Human Trafficking in the U.S.A Essay Human Trafficking in the U.S.A Essay Researched Argument Human trafficking is also called modern day slavery and is defined as holding someone illegally and against their will by form of deception and coercion and turning them into laborers and prostitutes without paying them. It is hard to believe that in the twenty first century, slavery still exists especially here at home and right under our noses. This has been an ongoing problem since the nineteenth century. A lot of people were trafficked into the United States and sold as slaves. Back then there were no laws that stated that it was illegal to traffic human beings and turn hem into slaves. It all starts with a walk through the park in a remote part of Mexico. A young girl named Paloma is taking a stroll to get away from all the stressors in her life. Her mother is very ill and they cannot afford to get her better medical treatment because they are very poor. They live in a shack in Mexico and Paloma has endured a lot of abuse and struggle in her short life there. She was born into poverty and has withstood a lifetime of struggle and this has made her develop a hardy personality. She believes she can face the challenges and come out stronger and better in order o be able to get her family out of indigence. Paloma is approached by an older gentleman who presents himself as an outstanding, prominent businessman with a lot of businesses across Mexico and the United States. He promises her a great escape from the impoverished life she has led. He promises her an education and a job which will help her pay back the money she would owe him for getting her to America. The sixteen year old lady is smitten by the offer and accepts it without even thinking twice. All she can think about is getting her family a better life than what they have been living. Her prince charming has emerged from nowhere and has come to save her. Little does Paloma know that when they arrive to the United States she is going to be a victim of human trafficking rather than the educated secretary that she thought she would be. She ends up being held captive for six months in a dinky apartment in a place that she cannot recognize and forced to submit to the mans demands and needs. Paloma ends up cooking, cleaning and being raped by her captor. He threatens her family with harm and takes all her documents in order to prevent her from escaping. Her prince charming has turned into a beast. During the turn of the century, human trafficking has become inhumane and a lot of people want to be free and live on their own means. Most of the captured slaves back in the day lived in their masters compounds and could not own anything or even have the right to vote. The creation of the 13th. Amendment which state that Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their Jurisdiction. , slavery has been formally abolished. The United States has reated a law to prevent and protect the victims like the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA) of 2000 which was signed into law by President Bill Clinton. According to Dr. Potocky who is a specialist in refugee resettlement, human rights, international social work, and research methodology TVPA focused on international trafficking, including reducing tr afficking globally, providing assistance to immigrant victims ot trafficking in the United States, and prosecuting traffickers (Potocky 373). Human trafficking has been a major social injustice and the United States must do more to ombat it because the laws are not being enforced properly, it is continuously increasing, and this is due to weak penalties. The TVPA was established in 2000 and was supposed to protect victims of human trafficking and it has yet to curb this crime. Also, statistics show that the number of victims has continuously increased since the mid-1990s and the number of convictions and arrests of traffickers has declined. There are thousands of people in this country who are still going through torture and abuse with no place to turn for help. Lack of enforcement. The TVPA has been amended four times in 2003, 2005, 2008 and 2011 but its pplication and adaptation has been a Joke. To support this claim, research shows that the government is worried about messing the relationship with other countries if they put stricter laws to combat trafficking. The government does not want to put it as number one in their political agenda. As the author Feingold asserts United States sanctions will likely be applied only against countries already subject to sanctions, such as Burma or North Korea (Feingold 30). This shows that the United States government is scared to threaten countries like China or Saudi Arabia because hey do not want to mess the political and economic relationship with them and are just willing to sanction the countries they do not get along with. The laws which are already in place like the TVPA are not strongly enforced making it easier for smugglers to get away with the crime. This is due to corrupt law officials, Judges and prosecutors. Human trafficking is a high profit 13 billion dollar organized crime industry according to a theological ethics professor, Tran. A lot of these criminals are rendering bribes to the officials and in return, they are getting their cases tossed out. So, instead of the police protecting and serving the victims as they are sworn in to do, they are associating with the traffickers and making money out of this crime. This kind of greed pushes way the victims and they get scared of approaching law enforcers to report this type of crime. The author Tran is surely right about the bribery because a lot of sources like Tran, Hodge and Kara have shown that a lot of trafficking crimes are being fuelled by corrupt people in politics and law enforcers. The victims are also scared for their lives because of constant threats and intimidation. Many victims believe that the police are corrupt individuals and are as scared of them as much as they are scared of their captors According to Hodge, an associate professor in the School of Social Work at Arizona State University and who has also written widely on social Justice, cultural diversity, and social inclusion, Another way to help protect women and children is to advocate for stricter penalties for traffickers and consistent enforcement of existing laws (Hodge 15). He asserts that in order to stop the act of human trafficking in the United States, the laws put forth need to be taken seriously and strongly enforced. Until this is done, the victims are going to keep on suffering in the hands of their captors without much or any help. To counter this argument, some research claims that the united states has thoroughly enforced the laws set forth to combat human trafficking. When it comes to human trafficking, the United States needs to amend stricter laws to combat it. This is because human trafficking has been on a steady rise since the 1990s until now. A though this is true that organized crimes are involved in human trafficking, it is nevertheless also true that it mostly involves simple, next door, disorganized criminals. According to Feingold who is a director of the Ophidian Research Institute and international coordinator for HIV/AIDS there is no standard profile on traffickers. They range from truck drivers and village aunties to labor brokers and police officers. (Feingold 28). The authors theory is useful because it sheds light on the fact that anyone can be a trafficker without being involved in a big gang. There are many people like the man who charmed Paloma who are regular people with smooth antics to lure people. Paloma was not kidnapped; she agreed to leave with the man voluntarily in hopes of bettering herself. Family members from destitute families also sell their children and spouses in order to get dowry to survive on. Feingold concedes that organized crime bosses like the late Pablo Escobar are not easy to find. Even if they are involved in human trafficking, they are most likely to be purchasers than transporters. There are a lot of factors that provide a breeding ground for traffickers by taking advantage of the desperate people. According to Kara who is an author, activist and one of the worlds foremost experts on modern day slavery and human trafficking, economic instability, lawlessness, corruption, war and poverty keep on romoting human trafficking. The people are prone to be victims because they are willing to listen to the criminals in hopes of having a better life but at the end they end up falling victims of modern slavery. On the other hand, the author Hughes who is a leading international researcher on human trafficking maintains that prosecution declined in the 1990s even as exploitation of women and children on the internet has increased (Hughes 121). This goes to show that Kara and Hughes both agree that human trafficking has been on the increase in the last decade and a half. To further support this claim, research on human trafficking has been done by some researchers but my best evidence comes from The Journal of International Migration. Authors Gozdziak and Collett are well known researchers who have reviewed existing literature on this topic and come up with startling facts about it. The article claims that there are a number of slippery statistics going on and they are all from the U. S State Department (Gozdziak et al 108). For years the government has been producing quoted estimates of the number of trafficked victims but they are not revealing the methods used to get the data. The numbers have been revised three times between the years of 1999 to 2003 and there is a significant difference in numbers. The surprising fact is that a lot of agencies both local and international are using this statistics instead of conducting their own independent research. Every time the Department of State gets questioned about the differences in numbers, they just say that it is improved methodology which is creating the differences without giving the exact way they come up with it. In the review done by Gozdiak and Collett the number of trafficking victims entering the United States has been revised at east three times: down from 45,000 to 50,000, a figure reached by the.. ClA) in 1999, to 18,000 to 20,000 victims reported in 2003, and even further down to 14,500 to 17,500 (Gozdziak et al 108). This goes to show that the government itself is not sure about its faulty statistics and research is also not backing them. In support of this claim, more research needs to be conducted to find out where the government gets their information. This is because most of the sources that are being used in this p aper do agree that the tgures 1 00 victims in the United States are basically unaccounted for. The author Potocky agrees that the methodology used by the State Department has not been detailed and that the estimates simply disappear from the departments annual report. None of the other sources have come forward and supported Gozdziak, Collett and Potockys claim that the data is incorrect and messy. Also the United States tends to concentrate more in protecting their borders than stopping prostitution and trafficking. They are more concerned with illegal immigrants getting their way into the country and amending stricter U. S immigration policies. While this is a good way to protect the country, the United States is not aking into consideration the fact that this is encouraging human trafficking. According to Tran Unfortunately, this focus on security works to the benefit of organized traffickers (Tran 3). By focusing on homeland security, the government overlooks the deeper issue of trafficking because the illegal immigrants end up putting themselves in the hands of smugglers and end up being snuck into the country and ending up as victims of trafficking. Those unfamiliar with human trafficking may be interested to know that it basically boils down to the counterargument of whether the United States has enough resources to combat uman resources. The truth is that the United States claims that it does not have enough financial resources to combat this type of crime. According to the Department of State website Through targeted foreign assistance, the TIP Office funds programs that address human trafficking, the act of obtaining or maintaining another person in compelled service. (Baca). The state has been looking for grants from other nations to help combat trafficking. When the grants are allocated, they hold a grant competition and different organizations compete for the money with the exception of for profit organizations. The organizations have asked for a total of 95 million dollars in funds but the state budget is only 750,000 dollars. With this kind of figures, how do we expect the United States to combat human trafficking? Another problem is the fact that the United States only convicts a small percentage of traffickers compared to the huge amount of victims here. Potocky agrees when she writes that When U. S attorneys decide to prosecute a. case, the conviction rate is very high: 96%. However, U. S attorneys decline to prosecute app 60% of cases (Potocky 375). She also asserts that between 2001 and 2007, there were 449 ederal prosecutions and 342 of them were human trafficking convictions. With this trend going on, the only conclusion is that there is a big problem with prosecution of the traffickers. Feingold supports Potockys claim by stating that from the year 2001 to the year 2003, 110 traffickers were prosecuted but only 77 pled guilty or were convicted. The reason that the trafficking convictions are so scarce also lies with the mindsets of the victims. According to Hodge, the victims are scared to testify against the attackers because most of the traffickers get out of Jail soon after their arrest. Author Davis who has been involved in the fight to end modern day slavery since 2003 when he became the Goodwill Ambassador for the organization Face to Face Bulgaria claims that tra ffickers are also very hard to track since they move their victims from one place to another.. Paloma on the other hand is a very lucky girl because she managed to escape her captor and is now in witness protection and lives here in America, fighting to rescue victims of human trafficking. Not everyone nas the chance to escape alive because it they are caught, death is the only choice they have. The United States needs to come up with other solutions to combat this heinous crime and some people have suggested legalizing prostitution. Some countries like Netherlands have legalized adult prostitution and the results have been a significant increase in child prostitution according to Hodge. The State Department agrees when they write that, Where prostitution is legalized or tolerated, there is a greater demand for human trafficking victims and nearly always an increase in the number of women and children trafficked into commercial sex slavery. (Feingold 28). So this is not a solution to the problem but Just adding fuel to he fire. Sweden has the Swedish Model which is a law that was put forth to combat trafficking. The law criminalizes the customers who buy sex instead of the prostitutes while in Thailand, they opt to extend labor and social security laws to the sex workers. Both countries have a large group that opposes and assert that these kind of laws will increase trafficking and criminals. The United States does criminalize people who sleep with prostitutes and also arrest any party involved in the act including the prostitutes themselves. Make human trafficking zero tolerance to where nyone caught trafficking or helping someone who is a trafficker is put away for good or handed hard labor. Educate the social workers and law enforcement officials on how to better detect victims of human trafficking. This is because there are a lot of victims who are being arrested and deported back to their prospective countries because they are mistaken for Just illegal immigrants. These victims are not given a chance to explain themselves because this is a very Judgmental country and Just your accent can make anyone suspicious. How many times have people been discriminated against because they looked different and talked different? We all live in a world which is unjust and unequal. People are Just marred by greed and end up forgetting the morals they were taught when young. The government is too busy with bad politics and covering their tracks instead of protecting its people, the laws of our country are becoming an abomination because of lack of enforcement. Young innocent girls like Paloma, peoples mothers, husbands, and children are being tortured and abused all in the name of making money. It is up to our country to establish better laws and enforce them strongly in order to end human trafficking. The government needs to make the laws so tough to the point where no one would want to break them. Instead of giving traffickers a year or five in prison, give them a lifetime sentence because they are denying other humans a right to freedom. Let everyone put themselves in Palomas shoes and think of what she went through. It is not only the government which should take steps to stop this atrocity but for all the citizens of this nation. Educate each other about the morals of society by holding informational meetings and inviting victims and task force members to speak at schools and other functions. Look out for the people who work around you and learn to identify a victim from how they behave. The victims can be the workers in the strip clubs you frequent, or a maid in a friends house or a dish washer in your favorite diner. Also, look out for those false front agencies, massage parlors and brothels which are set up to lure victims. With the community helping to combat human trafficking, the government should have the sense to amend stricter laws to end trafficking and put forth enough money to help the agencies which are working hard to end it . Let the modern day slavery come to an end betore you tall victim ot it ourself, it is a small world and what goes around, simply comes back around. You might escape it but what about your children. No one wants slavery to be legal again, so why should human trafficking be condoned? Baca D. Lou. FY 2014 solicitation. U. S Department of state. 17 oct. 2013. web. 10 Nov. 2013. Davis, Michael Cory. Human Trafficking. Hispanic 20. 8: 46-48. Academic search premier. sept. 2007. web. 25 sept. 2013. Feingold, David. Human Trafficking. Foreign Policy, No. 150: 26-30, 3230. Jstor. Aug. 2005. web. 28 sept. 2013. Gozdziak, M. Elzbieta. , and Elizabeth A. Collett. Research on Human Trafficking In North America: A Review of Literature. International Migration 43. 1/2 (2005): 99-128. Academic Search Premier. Web. 23 Sept. 2013. Hodge, David R. Sexual Trafficking In The United States: A Domestic Problem With Transnational Dimensions. Social Work 53. 2: 143-152. 2008. Academic Search Premier. Web. 24 Sept. 2013. Hughes, Donna M. Prostitution Online. Journal of Trauma Practice 2. 3/4: 115-131. Academic Search Premier. 2003. Web. 10 Nov. 2013. Kara, Siddharth. Supply And Demand. Harvard International Review 33. 2 (201 1): 66-71. Academic Search Premier. Web. 23 Sept. 2013. Potocky, Miriam. The Travesty of Human Trafficking: A Decade of Failed U. S. Policy. Social Work 55(4), 373-5. Proquest. Oct. 2010. Web. 29 Sept. 2013. Schiller, Ben. US Slaverys Diaspora: Black Atlantic History at the Crossroads of Race, Enslavement, and Colonisation. Slavery Abolition 32. 2: 199-212. Historical Abstracts. June 2011. Web. 13 Nov. 2013. Tran, Jonathan. Sold into Slavery. Christian century 124 (24): 22-6. SIRS Issues Researcher. 27 NOV. 2007 web. 24 Sep. 2013. loc. gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/13thamendment. html